As key markets like the European Union increasingly ban active ingredients in authorized phytosanitary products, farmers worldwide are forced to adapt their agricultural practices. Ilyas Boutamart, Commercial Director at Calimaroc, explains how this transition is unfolding in Morocco.
Ilyas Boutamart states: “Many crops have been impacted by recent restrictions on certain chemical control agents. Vegetables such as tomatoes, peppers, and zucchinis are particularly affected due to their vulnerability to pests and diseases. The ban on several essential molecules has further intensified these challenges. The citrus sector is also struggling with insect management, such as mealybugs, which are becoming harder to control. The impact extends to non-fresh products like cereals as well.”
According to a recent study by CropLife Morocco, this situation could lead to “yield losses ranging from 5% to 70%, quality degradation, cost increases of 5% to 30%, and a decline in agricultural production profitability.” The study notes that production costs in some sectors have already risen by 15% to 30% due to the shift to more expensive alternative products that often require additional farming operations.
Transition to Biocontrol Solutions
These recent restrictions are accelerating the shift toward biocontrol solutions, which were already an appealing alternative for farmers but face adoption challenges. “Morocco is moving toward sustainable agriculture as part of the government’s Green Generation 2030 strategy. More farmers are adopting biological control solutions, driven by consumer demand, climate change, and recent regulations on permitted products. However, the transition comes with hurdles, including higher costs, reduced productivity, and a lack of training. Still, farmers recognize the need to adopt a hybrid model that integrates biological and chemical methods, with a greater focus on the former,” Boutamart explains.
Ilyas Boutamart highlights some popular biocontrol solutions among Moroccan farmers: “In underground crops, there’s demand for beneficial macro-organisms like Phytoseiulus persimilis to combat red spider mites. The use of biopesticides, such as those derived from Bacillus thuringiensis or fungi like Beauveria bassiana, has seen increased applications against a wide range of pests. Plant defense stimulators (PDS), which are plant extracts or microorganisms, are also being used by Moroccan farmers to boost plants’ natural immunity.”
Positive Results with Biocontrol, but Challenges Remain
“Biocontrol solutions are yielding positive results in Morocco, but their effectiveness depends on a preventive approach and changes in agricultural practices,” Boutamart notes.
Three crop sectors stand out for their advanced and successful transition to biological control solutions:
- Berry fruits (strawberries, blueberries, raspberries): Due to their reliance on the European market, where chemical residues are strictly monitored, these crops have adopted natural predators and biopesticides.
- Greenhouse crops (tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers): These have successfully integrated beneficial insects to manage pests.
- Citrus: Biocontrol methods targeting mealybugs and whiteflies have been developed.
Morocco’s Potential as a Regional Leader
“Morocco is well-positioned to become a regional leader in sustainable agriculture. However, progress is still needed in terms of new regulations, research and development tailored to local conditions, and support for farmers through subsidies and training. The main challenge lies in balancing competitive production with environmentally friendly farming practices,” Boutamart concludes.
